See also:

• Regional: Asia: Society and Culture  (54)

• Ashgabat.us - Site of all Turkmens in the United States, USA

  Ethnologue - Languages of Turkmenistan - - Information about the living languages of the country including population, region, classification, dialects and alternate names.

• Freedom in the World 2004

  IRIN News - Turkmenistan - - News on relief, development, social, economic and political affairs, by the Integrated Regional Information Network (IRIN) of the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.

  Official biography of Saparmurat Niyazov (Turkmenbashi) - - President of Turkmenistan for life.

  Republican Party of Turkmenistan - - official site of the Republican party of Turkmenistan in exil.

  Ruhnama - - Official government websit.

  Ruhnama Online - - Website devoted to Ruhnama (book by President Saparmurat Niyazov "Turkmenbashi", locally known as "Ruhnama"). Online version of Ruhnama fully available in English, Turkmen, Turkish and Russia.

  Turkmenistan - - Here is information on Turkmenistan culture and human rights reports, with links to, food information, food culture, cooking methods, country information, food substitutions, and food history for Asia.

  Turkmenistan Chaihana - - Peace Corps Friends of Turkmenistan - Turkmen Dictionary, Journals, and Picture.

  Turkmenistan, History, Human Rights - - Extended history of Turkmenistan, internet links, and human rights information.

  Turkmenistan Project - - Launched by the Open Society Institute, the project supports civic actors in Turkmenistan and abroad, and seeks to provide fuller information about the situation inside the country through independent research and media outreach. Includes weekly news brief in English and Russian, a directory for related resources and announcements of job opportunities.

  Turkmenistan: the Golden Age - - Official page for news, state, politics, economy and society issues of Turkmenistan. Also available in Russian.

  USAID - Turkmenistan - - Official portal provides information about the country plus all programs, factsheets, employment and procurement opportunities, documents and partners of the US Agency for International Development.

  WATAN Social Political Movement - - News and information about the society and its activities. [English, Russian, Turkish.

  BBC News | ASIA-PACIFIC | The cult of the Turkmen leader - - Rory Mulholland examines the huge personality cult surrounding Turkmenistan's President Saparmyrat Niyazov (November 2, 2002)